Corso di Laurea in Tecniche di Laboratorio Biomedico - Cuneo

Clinical Biochemistry clinical Molecular Biology 3:

Providing the knowledge needed for proper use of analytical instruments and for the application of traditional and advanced analytical techniques in the field of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Enzymology.

Clinical Pathology 2 and Sport Medicine.

Aim of the course is to provide:

• principles of physiology applied to sport,
• principles of common practices of doping
• knowledge of anti-doping national and international laws
• application of laboratory methods used for the detection in biological fluids of substances used in blood doping, hormonal doping  and gene doping.

 Clinical Biochemistry 4.

The course is designate to supplement students by providing a clear and concise overview of a variety of important topics in clinical chemistry. It emphasizes the physiology and function of the biological systems, which diagnostic test are appropriate, and how the test results are interpreted.

Educational objectives are acquiring of general knowledge of the most important topics in Clinical Biochemistry. Issues about the main impairment of the principal organs and tissues must be discussed. The discussion has also to highlight prevention and monitoring of pathologies. Diagnostic methods in the study of renal and gastrointestinal function have to be known. Students must become familiar with the most important buffer systems. Classification and accurate clinical use of tumor markers must be elucidated. Students have to learn the most important disorders of intermediate metabolism, of urea cycle, and disorders of amino acid metabolism.

• The student will be able to apply the traditional and advanced analytical techniques and to correctly interpret information obtained from clinical laboratory data.
• The student has to acquire general knowledge and diagnostic methodologies of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Enzymology;
• Students should know performance enhancing drugs and the use of these illegal substances in elite sport.
• Students will be able to explore and explain, pre-analytical  issues,  laboratory techniques and related legal issues in antidoping  laboratory.
• Students must learn the biochemical and clinical basis of the explained pathologies.

Clinical Biochemistry  and clinical Molecular Biology 3 module:

• Preparing patients and specimens for laboratory testing.
• Principles of instrumentation in clinical biochemistry.
• Principles of clinical enzymology.
• Principles of currently used methods in laboratory and a review of new coming tools in clinical biochemistry.
• Interpreting laboratory results.
• The nature of analytical biases and random variability.
• Analytical and biological variability of laboratory data and reference values.
• Quality management in clinical chemistry.
• Designing research programs dealing with new experimental diagnostic tool.
• Evaluation and laboratory diagnosis of metabolic disease.
• Clinical biochemistry of diabetes.
• Clinical biochemistry of plasma lipoproteins.
• Lipid- and lipoprotein-based approach to atherosclerosis: an overview in cellular and molecular diagnosis.
• Classification of lipid disorders.
• Biochemistry of diet lipids
• Molecular Defects of the main dyslipidemias.

Clinical Pathology  2 and Sport Medicine module:

Principles of sport physiology, oxygen consumption, physical stress and hormones.  
2. Italian and international laws on doping. The list of prohibited substances and analytic methods.  
3. Properties and characteristics of biological samples. Pre-analytical and analytical variables that affect the reliability of results. Operational strategies in laboratory tests for detection of prohibited Substances or methods:  
             a) direct identification;  
             b) recognition of induced metabolic or biochemical changes.  
4. Growth hormone (GH), IGF-1 and other growth factors. Methods of detection of GH  
5. Blood doping. The recombinant human erythropoietin. Basic and auxiliary examinations for the recognition of doping  
6. The bioartificial blood substitutes and synthetic. Allosteric modifiers of human hemoglobin  
7. Gene doping: principles and issues related to the detection

Clinical Biochemistry 4 module:

• Molecular markers of malignant neoplasm
• Evaluation of renal function
• Evaluation of water electrolyte balance
• Evaluation of acid-base balance.
• Markers in heart failure
• Metabolic intermediates
• Amino acids metabolism
• Celiac disease

The course consists of three modules, with a total of 60 hours of lessons.

Clinical Biochemistry  and clinical Molecular Biology 3 module:

it includes 36 hours of  lessons that take place in the classroom and exercises in small groups , with readings of articles themed.

Clinical Pathology  2 and Sport Medicine module:

it includes 12 hours of lessons (1 CFU) of lectures that take place in the classroom with the help of slides.

Clinical Biochemistry 4 module:

it includes 12 hour-lessons (1 CFU)  that take place in the classroom with the help of slides.

The degree of learning is verified by an examination of the following modes:

Clinical Biochemistry  and clinical Molecular Biology 3 module: written exam with 20 multiple-choice questions ( 3 possible answers , only one of which exact , 1.5 point for each correct answer , 0 points for each incorrect answers)

Clinical Biochemistry 4 module: Oral test. The final vote is expressed as 30 points (minimum 18/30)